The Effects Of High Heel Shoes On The Skeletal Sys

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The Effects Of High Heel Shoes On The Skeletal System,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]
Since the 1500s, high heel shoes have been one of the cornerstones of a woman's wardrobe. This footwear accentuates the wearer's calves and changes the wearer's posture and gait,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], making her appear "more seductive." However, in a 2007 study in European Urology, high heels were shown to facilitate pelvic floor muscle activity in women with stress urinary incontinence due to an enhanced pelvic tilt. While benefits of the footwear exist, in the past several decades, more and more studies have been suggesting that this chic footwear is poor for the wearer's health.
Effect on the bodyWearing high-heeled shoes causes a decreased stride length. According to a 2003 study in the "Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], this decrease in stride length results from changes in the leg joint kinetics,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], such as increased ankle plantarflexion,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and changes in the relative orientation of the skeletal structures in the ankle, all resulting in a decreased stride length.
Wearing high heels also causes the wearer to have an anterior shift in their center of mass, putting more pressure on the ball of the foot. This causes the wearer to be slightly off balance,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], resulting in compensatory changes in the body posture,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], such as realignment of the hips and spine.
Metatarsalgia, or joint pain in the ball of the foot, can result from extended pressure on the front portion of the foot.
Foot and Ankle DeformitiesSeveral different foot deformities can result from wearing high heels,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]. One type is formation of a bunion,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]. This bony growth on the inside edge of the big toe results from tight fitting shoes forcing the wearer's big toe to angle in toward the other toes. This deformity can be accompanied by joint pain or red calloused skin on the joint at the base of the big toe,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych].
Hammertoes may also result from wearing high heels. A hammertoe develops due to a constricted shoe toebox pushing the smaller toes into a bent position at the middle joint and the muscles in these toes become incapable of straightening, even when not wearing shoes.
Another common and similar deformity is the mallet toe,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], which only differs in its location of the bend: While the hammertoe is curled at the middle joint, the mallet toe is at the upper joint.
Additionally, wearing high heels causes the Achilles' Tendon to shorten and tighten, which can ultimately result in heel pain or weakness in the tendon,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], making it prone to injury during exertion.
Knee ProblemsAccording to Dr. D. Casey Kerrigan's 2005 study on high heels and the progression of knee osteoarthritis, wearing shoes with even a slight heel creates an increase in the torque at the knee that flat shoes does not create. This torque has been directly related to the development and/or progression of knee osteoarthritis.
It is this repetitive loading at the knee that has been tied to the development of osteoarthritis,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], especially during walking. In time, osteoarthritis gradually worsens, and while there is no cure for it, treatments have been developed to help ease pain and discomfort.
"The Washington Post" 1. On Your Feet: High Heels' Effects on the Body
"European Urology"; The Effect of Ankle Inclination in upright position on the electromyigraphic activity of pelvic floor muscles in women with stress urinary incontinence; MA Cerruto,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], et al; Mar 2007
"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"; Moderate-heeled shoes and knee joint torques relevant to the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis; Dr. D. It should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. LIVESTRONG is a registered trademark of the LIVESTRONG Foundation. Moreover,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], we do not select every advertiser or advertisement that appears on the web site-many of the advertisements are served by third party advertising companies.相关的主题文章：

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